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Traditional Kerala architecture followed the science of carpentry or Thatchushastra and the science of architecture or Vaasthushastra. Buildings featuring conventional architecture have a unique appearance and are mostly built with eco-friendly materials to suit the climate. At the same time these structures ensure maximum comfort for the residents. Traces of external influences can be seen in Kerala’s architecture, especially that of Japanese and Chinese architecture. Houses, temples, churches and other buildings used to be styled in a manner suiting the culture and climate of Kerala. Original Kerala architecture has contributed much to the world of construction and building design.
Some common features of traditional houses in Kerala are Padippura, Poomukham, Chuttu verandah, Charupady, and Nadumuttom. Nadumuttom used to be an open area in the centre of the house which divided the house into four distinct sides. Houses with a single Nadumuttom were termed Naalukettu, and those with two were known by the name Ettukettu. Naalukettu is an attractive construction style that is once again becoming popular in Kerala. Houses were usually tiled, with extended roofs. There were verandahs beneath these extensions; such roofs protected the rooms from direct sunlight. A large amount of wood was used for construction purposes. The interiors of the houses were beautifully adorned with antiques, sandalwood and teak. A typical Kerala house used to have a Thulasi Thara, or a platform for the Holy Basil in front of the house.
The traditional houses of Kerala brahmins and the temples are strong statements of traditional Kerala architecture. Construction using stone and wood, the exquisite paintings, wall murals and other architectural features contribute to the beauty of Kerala temples. Even the early Churches that were built with the help of Hindu rulers exhibit a traditional touch. Mosque architecture in Kerala used to be simple – only rarely do these exhibit the Persian or Turkish influence.
Contemporary architecture in Kerala shows the influence of many oriental and occidental traditions. Today, with the increasing need for accommodation, the old spacious houses are fast disappearing, giving way to multistoried buildings. The elegant earlier architectural style is slowly being replaced by a purely functional style to cater to present day requirements |
